The Cord Keepers: Khipus And Cultural Life In A Peruvian Village( Series - Latin America Otherwise )

"This is without doubt the most important work ever produced on the khipu. It is extraordinarily bold and inventive in its suggestions for how these 'texts' may have been produced and interpreted. The hypothetical reading of the khipu is an absolutely astonishing accomplishment."--Gary Urton, author of "Signs of the Inka Khipu: Binary Coding in the Andean Knotted-String Records "

""The Cord Keepers" is a brilliant and pathbreaking book. It forces us to reconceptualize what writing is or can be, what it encodes, and whether we should even think of writing as something that records, rather than as a performative practice that engages more actively with the world."--Joanne Rappaport, author of "The Politics of Memory: Native Historical Interpretation in the Colombian Andes"

"Strokes of good fortune brought Frank Salomon to villages and archives with extraordinary potential for research. Imagination, erudition, and perseverance permitted him to retrieve insights of great importance from these sources. The world seems subtly yet significantly different after reading "The Cord Keepers," since Salomon convinces his readers that the human capacities to record meanings and to transmit cultural forms are deeper and broader than they had thought."--Benjamin Orlove, author of "Lines in the Water: Nature and Culture at Lake Titicaca"


None of the world's "lost writings" have proven more perplexing than the mysterious script in which the Inka Empire kept its records. Ancient Andean peoples encoded knowledge in knotted cords of cotton or wool called "khipus," In "The Cord Keepers," the distinguished anthropologist Frank Salomon breaks new ground with a close ethnography of one Andean village where villagers, surprisingly, have conserved a set of these enigmatic cords to the present day. The "quipocamayos," as the villagers call them, form a sacred patrimony. Keying his reading to the internal life of the ancient kin groups that own the khipus, Salomon suggests that the multicolored cords, with their knots and lavishly woven ornaments, did not mimic speech as most systems of writing do, but instead were anchored in nonverbal codes. "The Cord Keepers" makes a compelling argument for a close intrinsic link between rituals and visual-sign systems. It indicates that, while Andean graphic representation may differ radically from familiar ideas of writing, it may not lie beyond the reach of scholarly interpretation.
In 1994, Salomon witnessed the use of khipus as civic regalia on the heights of Tupicocha, in Peru's central Huarochiri region. By observing the rich ritual surrounding them, studying the village's written records from past centuries, and analyzing the khipus themselves, Salomon opens a fresh chapter in the quest for khipu decipherment. He draws on a decade's field research, early colonial records, and radiocarbon and fiber analysis. Challenging the prevailing idea that the use of khipus ended under early Spanish colonial rule, Salomon reveals that these beautiful objects served, apparently as late as theearly twentieth century, to document households' contribution to their kin groups and these kin groups' contribution to their village. "The Cord Keepers" is a major contribution to Andean history and, more broadly, to understandings of writing and literacy.