Encyclopedia Of Antislavery And Abolition [two Volumes]: Greenwood Milestones In African American History

The emergence of a sophisticated antislavery ideology and the rise of organized opposition to slavery in the Atlantic World in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries represented nothing less than one of the great intellectual and social revolutions in the history of the world. An institution which by the early eighteenth century was near axiomatically accepted as necessary, useful, and thoroughly in accord with Judaeo-Christian tenets and virtues and which profoundly informed the lives of millions of people had by the mid-nineteenth century come increasingly to be viewed as the chief vector of evil and the Devil in the world, the very quintessence of evil as some called it, and the chief repository of all that was socially, politically, and especially economically archaic and stagnant. This encyclopedia is organized around three principal concerns: the illustration and explication of the various forms of antislavery and its emergence as an organized movement; the immediate precipitants of abolition and the processes of its passage; and the enactment of emancipation and its consequences. While the earliest expressions of antislavery may have only comprised one or a few isolated voices, the antislavery most commonly reviewed here is that animated by a systematic and ardent opposition to slavery and intended to mobilize large numbers of people to attack and end the institution. A wide variety of people and organizations nurtured and extended this antislavery: religious figures, political economists, slaves, sailors, artisans, missionaries, planters, captains of slave ships, democratic enthusiasts, and others were all involved along with the various organizations-secular, religious, orotherwise-with which they were associated. Antislavery was by no means exclusively or even principally the work of an intellectual elite and the force of all, from the lowly and unlearned to the privileged and prominent, is represented. The presence of slavery continued to be attacked in the contracting Ottoman Empire in the early twentieth century, in Liberia in the 1930s, in Saudi Arabia in the mid-twentieth century, and even in the latter years of the century in countries like Sudan, Pakistan, India, and others in Southeast Asia. The entries have a worldwide focus, covering antislavery movements and important developments in slavery abolition and slave emancipation in many places around the globe, including the following: BLAfrica, Emancipation BLBritish West Indies, Abolition of Slavery BLCentral Asia and Abolition BLGreat Britain, Antislavery BLIndian Subcontinent and Antislavery BLJapan and Antislavery BLLatin America, Abolition of Slavery BLMexico and Antislavery BLNorth America, Antislavery BLWestern Europe, Transition from Slavery to Serfdom Other entries cover individuals, groups, events, documents, and organizations related to the history of abolition and emancipation over the last two centuries, including the following: BLAllen, Richard BLBerlin Conference (1885) BLCanning, George BLDominicans and Antislavery BLEquiano, Oloudah BLNew England Antislavery Society BLPointe Coupee Revolt BLSonthonax, Leger Felicite BLUniversal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) BLWilberforce, William Other entries address a wide range of topics, issues, and ideas related to the broad topic of ending historical systems of slavery and human bondage, including the following: BLAncient Middle Eastand Antislavery BLAntislavery Songs BLHelots BLJudaism and Antislavery BLLadies Antislavery Auxiliaries BLMarxism and Antislavery BLRussia and Compensated Emancipation of Serfs BLSeminole Wars, Indian Removal, and Antislavery BLSerfdom and Slavery in Europe BLWorld War II, Re-Emergence of Slavery During Besides over 400 cross-referenced entries, most of which conclude with lists of additional readings, the encyclopedia also includes an Introduction tracing the history of abolition and emancipation, a selected general bibliography, a guide to related topics, numerous illustrations, and a detailed subject index. List of Contributors Acerbi, Patricia Ackerson, Wayne Aiyar, Chitra G. Alexander, William H. Altink, Henrice Beilke, Jayne R. Belt-Beyan, Phyllis Beyan, Amos Bilotta, James Blanck, Emily V. Blaque, Ellesia Bronstein, Jamie Brown, William Budney, Stephen P. Burin, Eric Butler, Noah Cahill, Barry Capet, Antoine Cappiello, Dianne W. Carter, Johnathan L. Castro, Robert Chande, Abdin Chew, William L. Cleaver, Kenneth G. Crothers, A. Glenn Daniels, Edward Darcy O'Quinn, Mary Davis, Hugh Dixon, Chris Eaklor, Vicki Echeverri, Marcela Egerton, Douglas Ellis, R.J. Emmer, Pieter Erben, Patrick Faulkner, Carol Felsenstein, Frank Finkelman, Paul Fletcher, Susan Foley, James Frank, Andrew Frank, Christopher Freamon, Bernard Freight, Andrew French, John A. Fuller, A. James Fury, Cheryl Gerard, Gene C. Gomez, Luis Greenspoon, David Hallette, Nicole Harrold, Stanley Hassanali, Mohammed Haynes, Robert Heidenreich, Don Helsley, Alexia Jones Hodges, Graham Hunt, Nadine Hunter, Iris Inikori, Joseph E. Isham, Matthew Iwanisziw, Susan B. Jackson, Maurice Jerryson, Michael Joly, Fabio Keen, Ralph Klein, Martin Knowles, Helen J. Kotzin, Daniel Krohn, Raymond Kurtz, Jeffrey B. Lee, Lori LeGlaunec, Jean-Pierre Leonhirth, James Lofkrantz, Jennifer Lovelace, Leo Lovelace, Sonja Lumsden, Linda MacMaster, Richard Marsh, Benjamin J. Mason, Matthew Masur, Kate Mathisen, Erik Matthewson, Tim Mattingly, Gerald L. Mattingly, Leslie A. McDaniel, William Caleb Michon, Heather Miers, Oliver, Suzanne Miller, Neil Monaco, C.S. Moody, Wesley Moon, David Mosher, Shawn Mudure, Michaela Mulligan, William Mullins, Jeffrey Murphy, Brian Murray, David Napier, Steven Nash, C.L. Nelson Robert Newman, Richard Orihel, Michelle Pattison, Shelinda Peatman, Jared Peebles, Patrick Phelan, Claire Pierce, Jennifer Pierson, Michael Ramsarran, Parbattie Rich, Jeremy Riser, R. Volney Rodabaugh, Cathy Rohrer, James Roth, Sarah Rutz, Michael Ryeenga, Jennifer Saillant, John Saunders, Ch