Karl Marx - His Life And Work

HIS LIFE AND WORK by Otto Riihle TRANSLATED BY EDEN AND CEDAR PAUL NEW YORK MCMXXIX THE VIKING PRESS PUBLISHERS . COPYRIGHT, 1928, BY AVALUN VERLAG. ., r COPYRIGHT I929, BY THE VIKING PRESS, INC. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Karl Marx TABLE OF CONTENTS PRELIMINARIES The Historical Setting 3 Conditions in Germany 5 Utopian Socialists 8 Karl Marx II vStudies 14 The Young Hegelians 6 Bauer and Feiiefbach 3 Revolutionary Flight 33 Rise of the Bourgeoisie 3 The Rheinische Zeitung 4 CLARIFICATION A New Platform 4-7 The a I eutsch-Kranz 5sische Jahrbucher 5 Kur Krittfc tier He ehcfwn Rechtsphilosophie 56 The Jewish Question 62 Priedrich Engels 67 Paris 1i Die Ilei ige Famifte 77 Brussels 86 German ftleolo y 9 True w Socialism .., 9 Dialectic Misfre de U Before March The Workers 1 Educational Society Communist Manifesto TRIAL The Gallic Cock H3 The Neuc Rheinlschc Zeitung 11 H9 In the Democratic Party 55 Collapse of the Revolution TABLE OF CONTENTS Flight into Poverty 1 65 The Neue Rheinische Revue 55 169 Split in the Communist League 172 The Trial of the Communists in Cologne 178 Klassenkamffe in Fmnkreich 185 Der achtzehnte Brumaire de Louis Bonafarte 9 2 Sufferings in Exile 198 Associates and Friends ctxo HerrVogt 215 Condemned to Permanent Expatriation 220 Lassalle 7 ACHIEVEMENT Foundation of the International 243 The Inaugural Address 250 The Tower of Babel 256 Conflicts, Crises, Struggles 260 Schweitzer and Liebknecht 269 Bakunin 274. The Alliance and the International 283 The Franco-German War and the Commune 9 End of the International 99 The Great Achievement 37 The Materialist Interpretation of History 3 ia DasKaptd 3 9 First Volume 3 3 Second and Third Volumes 35-TheEvening and the End 359 APPRAISEMENT The Man 371 His Work 386 Chronological Table 398 Bibliography 400 Index LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Karl Marx Frontisftect Claude Henri Saint-Simon 8 Fran uih Marie Charles Fourier 8 Karl Marxs Birthplace 14 Karl Marxs Diploma as Doctor of Philosophy o Johanna Bertha Julie Jenny von Westphalen 48 Arnold Huge 64 Robert Owen 70 Hcinrich Heine 76 Ludwig Andreas Feuerhach 90 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 102 Pierre Joseph Proudhon 112 Wilhelm Wdtling 124 Wilhelm Wolff 124 Georg I lerwegh 148 Robert Blum 160 Gottfried Kinkel 178 Frederick Leaner 182 Joseph Weydemeyer 194 Karl Marx 208 Ferdinand Freiligrath 214 Friedrich Kngcls 226 Ferdinand Lassalle 232 Giuseppe Mazzini 248 Lothar Buchcr 264 Karl Vogt 264 Wilhelm Liebknecht 272 Michael Bakunin 288 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS vi is Vt Edward Spencer Beesly 298 L. Kugelmann 322 Facsimile of Karl Marxs Manuscript 336 Karl Marx 348 Karl Marxs London Residences 360 Karl Marxs Grave 366 Karl Marx 376 P R E L I M I N A R I E S THE HISTORICAL SETTING intervals of a century, the European revolution in Hol land, England, and France blew up the gates and opened a way for capitalist development The feudal system, based on a feudalist economy and on serfdom, stabilized by patriarchal despotism., hereditary de pendence, and enslavement of the conscience, collapsed before the onslaught of the new economic power. Money conquered land. The postulates of freedom tri umphed over the traditions of slavery. Day dawned over west ern Europe. The rising bourgeois class entered into possession of new fields. Starting from Holland, it created a colonial power whose gigantic proportions were rivalled only by the vastness of the wealth whichcolonial enterprise brought back to the mother country. Starting from England, which It transformed into the factory of the world, the bourgeoisie made that country supreme over all the markets of the world and all the sources of raw materials. Setting out from France, the bourgeoisie pressed the greatest of all military powers into its service, the better to safeguard the social successes of its emancipation. In Its craving for activity, it shrank from no difficulties...