Latex A Document Preparation System Users Guide And Reference Manual

LaTex is a software system for typesetting documents. Because it is especially good for technical documents and is available for almost any computer system, LaTex has become a lingua franca of the scientific world. Researchers, educators, and students in universities, as well as scientists in industry, use LaTex to produce professionally formatted papers, proposals, and books. They also use LaTex input to communicate information electronically to their colleagues around the world. With the release of LaTex 2(subscript epsilon), the new standard version, LaTex has become even more powerful. Among its new features are an improved method for handling different styles of type, and commands for including graphics and producing colors. LaTex 2(subscript epsilon) makes available to all LaTex users valuable enhancements to the software that have been developed over the years by users in many different places to satisfy a variety of needs. This book, written by the original architect and implementer of LaTex is both the user's guide and the reference manual for the software. It has been updated to reflect the changes in the new release. The book begins with instructions for formatting simpler text, and progressively describes commands and techniques for handling larger and more complicated documents. A separate chapter explains how to deal with errors. An added appendix describes what is new and different in LaTex 2(subscript epsilon). Other additions to the second edition include descriptions of new commands for inserting pictures prepared with other programs and for producing colored output; new sections on how to make books and slides; instructions for making an index with the MakeIndexprogram, and an updated guide to preparing a bibliography with the BibTex program; plus a section on how to send your LaTex documents electronically. Users new to LaTex will find here a book that has earned worldwide praise as a model for clear, concise, and practical documentation. Experienced users will want to update their LaTex library. Although most standard LaTex input files will work with LaTex 2(subscript epsilon), to take advantage of the new features, a few LaTex 2(subscript epsilon) conventions must first be learned. For users who want an advanced guide to LaTex 2(subscript epsilon) and to more than 150 packages that can now be used at any site to provide additional features, a useful companion to this book is The LaTex Companion, by Goossens, Mittelbach, and Samarin (also published by Addison-Wesley).





Table of Contents


Preface
Getting Acquainted
How to Avoid Reading This Book
How to Read This Book
The Game of the Name
Turning Typing into Typography
Why LATEX?
Turning Ideas into Input
Trying It Out
Getting Started
Preparing an Input File
The Input
Sentences and Paragraphs
Quotation Marks
Dashes
Space After a Period
Special Symbols
Simple Text-Generating Commands
Emphasizing Text
Preventing Line Breaks
Footnotes
Formulas
Ignorable Input
The Document
The Document Class
The Title ``Page''
Sectioning
Displayed Material
Quotations
Lists
Poetry
Displayed Formulas
Declarations
Running Latex
Helpful Hints
Summary
Carrying On
Changing the Type Style
Symbols from Other Languages
Accents
Symbols
Mathematical Formulas
Some Common Structures
Subscripts and Superscripts
Fractions
Roots
Ellipsis
Mathematical Symbols
Greek Letters
Calligraphic Letters
A Menagerie of Mathematical Symbols
Log-like Functions
Arrays
The array Environment
Vertical Alignment
More Complex Arrays
Delimiters
Multiline Formulas
Putting One Thing Above Another
Over-and Underlining
Accents
Stacking Symbols
Spacing in Math Mode
Changing Style in Math Mode
Type Style
Math Style
When All Else Fails
Defining Commands and Environments
Defining Commands
Defining Environments
Theorems and Such
Figures and Other Floating Bodies
Figures and Tables
Marginal Notes
Lining It Up in Columns
The tabbing Environment
The tabular Environment
Simulating Typed Text
Moving Information Around
The Table of Contents
Cross-References
Bibliography and Citation
Using BIBTEX
Doing It Yourself
Splitting Your Input
Making an Index or Glossary
Compiling the Entries
Producing an Index or Glossary by Yourself
Keyboard Input and Screen Output
Sending Your Document
Other Document Classes
Books
Slides
Slides and Overlays
Notes
Printing Only Some Slides and Notes
Other Text
Letters
Designing It Yourself
Document and Page Styles
Document-Class Options
Page Styles
The Title Page and Abstract
Customizing the Style
Line and Page Breaking
Line Breaking
Page Breaking
Numbering
Length, Spaces, and Boxes
Length
Spaces
Boxes
LR Boxes
Parboxes
Rule Boxes
Raising and Lowering Boxes
Saving Boxes
Formatting with Boxes
Centering and ``Flushing''
List-Making Environments
The list Environment
The trivlist Environment
Fonts
Changing Type Size
Special Symbols
Pictures and Colors
Pictures
The picture Environment
Picture Objects
Text
Boxes
Straight Lines
Arrows
Stacks
Circles
Ovals and Rounded Corners
Framing
Curves
Grids
Reusing Objects
Repeated Patterns
Some Hints on Drawing Pictures
The graphics Package
Color
Errors
Finding the Error
LATEX's Error Messages
TEX's Error Messages
LATEX Warnings
TEX Warnings
A Using MakeIndex
A.1 How to Use MakeIndex
A.2 How to Generate Index Entries
A.2.1 When, Why, What, and How to Index
A.2.2 The Basics
A.2.3 The Fine Print
A.3 Error Messages
B The Bibliography Database
B.1 The Format of the bib File
B.1.1 The Entry Format
B.1.2 The Text of a Field
Names
Titles
B.1.3 Abbreviations
B.1.4 Cross-References
B.2 The Entries
B.2.1 Entry Types
B.2.2 Fields
C Reference Manual
C.1 Commands and Environments
C.1.1 Command Names and Arguments
C.1.2 Environments
C.1.3 Fragile Commands
C.1.4 Declarations
C.1.5 Invisible Commands and Environments
C.1.6 The \\ Command
C.2 The Structure of the Document
C.3 Sentences and Paragraphs
C.3.1 Making Sentences
C.3.2 Making Paragraphs
C.3.3 Footnotes
C.3.4 Accents and Special Symbols
C.4 Sectioning and Table of Contents
C.4.1 Sectioning Commands
C.4.2 The Appendix
C.4.3 Table of Contents
C.4.4 Style Parameters
C.5 Classes, Packages, and Page Styles
C.5.1 Document Class
C.5.2 Packages
C.5.3 Page Styles
C.5.4 The Title Page and Abstract
C.6 Displayed Paragraphs
C.6.1 Quotations and Verse
C.6.2 List-Making Environments
C.6.3 The list and trivlist Environments
C.6.4 Verbatim
C.7 Mathematical Formulas
C.7.1 Math Mode Environments
C.7.2 Common Structures
C.7.3 Mathematical Symbols
C.7.4 Arrays
C.7.5 Delimiters
C.7.6 Putting One Thing Above Another
C.7.7 Spacing
C.7.8 Changing Style
C.8 Definitions, Numbering, and Programming
C.8.1 Defining Commands
C.8.2 Defining Environments
C.8.3 Theorem-like Environments
C.8.4 Numbering
C.8.5 The ifthen Package
C.9 Figures and Other Floating Bodies
C.9.1 Figures and Tables
C.9.2 Marginal Notes
C.10 Lining It Up in Columns
C.10.1 The tabbing Environment
C.10.2 The array and tabular Environments
C.11 Moving Information Around
C.11.1 Files
C.11.2 Cross-References
C.11.3 Bibliography and Citation
C.11.4 Splitting the Input
C.11.5 Index and Glossary
Producing an Index
Compiling the Entries
C.11.6 Terminal Input and Output
C.12 Line and Page Breaking
C.12.1 Line Breaking
C.12.2 Page Breaking
C.13 Lengths, Spaces, and Boxes
C.13.1 Length
C.13.2 Space
C.13.3 Boxes
C.14 Pictures and Color
C.14.1 The picture Environment
Picture-Mode Commands
Picture Objects
Picture Declarations
C.14.2 The graphics Package
C.14.3 The color Package
C.15 Font Selection
C.15.1 Changing the Type Style
C.15.2 Changing the Type Size
C.15.3 Special Symbols
D What's New
E Using Plain Tex Commands
Bibliography
Index