Prince Henry The Navigator - The Hero Of Portugal And Of Modern Discovery 1394-1460

Iberoes of tbe IRations EDITED BY Evelyn Hbbott, . flft. H. FELLOW OF BALL10L COLLEGE, OXFORD FACTA DUCIS VIVEMT, OPEROSAQUE GLORIA RERUM OVID, IN LlVlAM, 165. THE HEROS DEEDS AND HARO-V. ON FAME SHAUL LIVE PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR Frontispiece, GATEWAY AT BELEM. WITH STATUE, BETWEEN THE DOORS, OF PRINCE HENRY IN ARMOUR. PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR THE HERO OF PORTUGAL AND OF MODERN DISCOVERY 1394-1460 A. D. WITH AN ACCOUNT OF GEOGRAPHICAL PROGRESS THROUGH OUT THE MIDDLE AGES AS THE PREPARATION FOR HIS WORK BY C. RAYMOND BEAZLEY, M. A., F. R. G. S. FELLOW OF MERTON COLLFGE, OXFORD GEOGRAPHICAL STUDENT IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, 1894 Vement annis saecula sens Quibus Oceanus vincula rerum Laxet, et ingens pateat tellus, Tethys que novos detegat orbes, Nee sit terns ultima Thule. SENECA, Medea 33 G. P. PUTNAMS SONS NEW YORK LONDON 37 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET 24 BEDFORD STRh-ET, STRAND 1897 COPYRIGHT, 189 BY G P. PUTNAMS SONS Entered at Stationers Hall, London Electrotyped, Printed and Bound by TCbe Knickerbocker press, iftew lo G. P. PUTNAMS SONS CONTENTS. PAGE PREFACE ........ XVil INTRODUCTION THE GREEK AND ARABIC IDEAS OF THE WORLD, AS THE CHIEF INHERITANCE OF THE CHRISTIAN MIDDLE AGES IN GEOGRAPHICAL KNOWLEDGE . I CHAPTER I. EARLY CHRISTIAN PILGRIMS CIRCA 333-867 . . 29 CHAPTER II VIKINGS OR NORTHMEN CIRCA 787-1066 . 50 CHAPTER III. THE CRUSADES AND LAND TRAVEL CIRCA 1100-1300 76 CHAPTER IV. MARITIME EXPLORATION CIRCA 1250-1410 . . 106 CHAPTER V. GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE IN CHRISTENDOM FROM THE FIRST CRUSADES CIRCA 1100-1460 . . .114 v vl Contents. CHAPTER VI. PAGE PORTUGAL lit 1400 1095-1400 .... 123 CHAPTER VII. HENRYS POSITION AND DESIGNS AT THE TIME OF THE FIRST VOYAGES, 1410-15.... 138 CHAPTER VIII. PRINCE HENRY AND THE CAPTURE OF CEUTA 1415 . 147 CHAPTER IX. HENRYS SETTLEMENT AT SAGRES AND FIRST DIS COVERIES 1418-28 160 CHAPTER X. CAPE EOJADOR AND THE AZORES 1428-41 . . l68 CHAPTER XI. HENRYS POLITICAL LIFE 1433-41 ., . .179 CHAPTER XII. FROM BOJADOR TO CAPE VERDE 1441-5 . . .192 CHAPTER XIII. THE ARMADA OF 1445 228 CHAPTER XIV. VOYAGES OF 1446-8 240 CHAPTER XV. THE AZORES 1431-60 . ... 250 Contents. vii CHAPTER XVI. PAGE THE TROUBLES OF THE REGENCY AND THE FALL OF DON PEDRO 1440-9 257 CHAPTER XVII. CADAMOSTO 1455-6 261 CHAPTER XVIII. VOYAGES OF DIEGO GOMEZ 1458-60 . . . 289 CHAPTER XIX. HENRYS LAST YEARS AND DEATH 1458-60 . . 299 CHAPTER XX. THE RESULTS OF PRINCE HENRYS WORK . . . 308 INDEX 325