Sugar, Slavery, & Freedom In Nineteenth-century Puerto Rico

Focusing on Puerto Rico's southeastern coastal region of Guayama, a leading center of sugar cane agriculture, Figueroa examines the transition from slave labor to free labor after the 1873 abolition of slavery in colonial Puerto Rico. Arguing that the black population and their contributions to the economic health of Puerto Rico have been distorted and underplayed, he corrects misconceptions about what ex-slaves did after emancipation and debunks standing myths about race relations in Puerto Rico.

The contributions of the black population to the history and economic development of Puerto Rico have long been distorted and underplayed, Luis A. Figueroa contends. Focusing on the southeastern coastal region of Guayama, one of Puerto Rico's three leading centers of sugarcane agriculture, Figueroa examines the transition from slavery and slave labor to freedom and free labor after the 1873 abolition of slavery in colonial Puerto Rico. He corrects misconceptions about how ex-slaves went about building their lives and livelihoods after emancipation and debunks standing myths about race relations in Puerto Rico.

Historians have assumed that after emancipation in Puerto Rico, as in other parts of the Caribbean and the U.S. South, former slaves acquired some land of their own and became subsistence farmers. Figueroa finds that in Puerto Rico, however, this was not an option because both capital and land available for sale to the Afro-Puerto Rican population were scarce. Paying particular attention to class, gender, and race, his account of how these "libertos" joined the labor market profoundly revises our understanding of the emancipation process and the evolution of the working class in Puerto Rico.