Bioinstrumentation (English, Paperback, M.H. Fulekar, Bhawana Pandey)

The need of instrumentation in biological sciences began with the development of the telescope and the microscope by Galileo in the early 1600s. The invention of the compound microscope in 1610 gave birth to microscopic anatomy. In the 19th and early 20th century, microscopic anatomy opened up the areas of biological chemistry. The research in biology follows this by including more emphasis on process, quantification, problem solving, and “open-ended” laboratory activities. The measurement of physical, chemical and biological parameters using instruments in any living organisms is known as bioinstrumentation.