Table of Contents
Introduction
Stages in product design, Market survey, Product specifications (electrical, mechanical environmental), R and D and engineering prototypes, Pilot production batch, Environmental testing, Documentation, Manufacturing, Electronic products.
Classification : Consumer, Industrial and military. Their peculiarities in terms of cost/performance ratio and reliability. Case study of a typical industrial product.
Reliability : Bath tub curve, Measures taken (at Component and product level and various soldering techniques including surface mount technology) to improve reliability. Fundamentals of communication system design, Criteria for selection of frequency bands, Requirements of voice and multimedia applications.
Hardware Designs - Analog
Analog signal conditioning : Factors affecting choice of op-amps in signal conditioning applications, Need for instrumentation amplifiers, Case study, Error budget analysis with case study. ADCs : Interpretation of ADC specifications from design view point, Considerations in selecting references (Vref for ADC), DACs : Interpretation of DAC specifications from design view point.
Hardware Design - Digital
Interface examples for LED, HB LED, LCD, Keyboard relays (Electromagnetic and solid state), Microcontrollers : Comparative study of different microcontroller architectures, Factors affecting choice of microcontroller for particular application with case study of one application. Introduction to buses and protocols used in electronic products - 12C, SPI.
Software Design and Testing for Electronic Product
Different approaches to development of application software for electronic product, Assemblers factors affecting choice between assembly language and high level language like C and C++, Documentation practices and templates for above software, Debugging tools and techniques for software - Features of simulators, ICF, IDE.
PCB Design and EMI/EMC
PCB design practices for analog and mixed signal circuits : Ground loops, Precision circuits, Shielding and guarding, PCB design practices for high speed digital circuits signal integrity and EMC, EMI/EMC testing standards and compliance.
Fault Finding and Testing
Analyses - DC/operating point analysis, AC (Frequency response), Transient, Sensitivity, Monte Carlo, Debugging/Fault finding, Features and limitations of analog CRO, DSO, Logic analyzer and mixed signal oscilloscopes in finding hardware/software faults, Environmental testing : Need for environmental testing, Temperature, Humidity, Vibration and shock tests, Introduction to EMI/EMC testing standards and compliance.
