Table of Contents
UNIT – I
Organization of The Nervous System
Structure and Functions of Neuron and Neuroglia
Classification and Properties of Nerve Fibers
Nerve Electrophysiology
Synapse, Neurotransmitters, and Their Receptors
Neurohumoral Transmission, Ion Channel Mechanisms, Signal Transduction, and Second Messenger Systems
Anatomy and Physiology of Brain and its Part
UNIT – II
Classification of Peripheral Nervous System
Structure and Functions of Sympathetic And Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
Origin and Functions of Spinal and Cranial Nerves
Pathophysiology of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease
Traumatic Injuries: Spinal Cord Injury, Brain Injury
Infections: Meningitis, Encephalitis
Vascular Disorders: Stroke
Demyelinating Diseases: Multiple Sclerosis
Mental Health Conditions: Depression And Schizophrenia
Pathophysiology of Epilepsy And Migraine
Pathophysiology of Peripheral Neuropathies
UNIT – III
Anatomy of Urinary Tract, Kidneys, and Nephrons
Functions of Kidneys And Urinary Tract
Physiology of Urine Formation and Micturition Reflex
Role of Kidneys in Acid–Base Balance
Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System
Pathophysiology: Glomerulonephritis, Acute and Chronic Renal Failure, Renal Calculi
Anatomy And Physiology of Eye, Ear, Nose, Tongue, and Skin
Pathophysiology of Myopia, Hypermetropia, Loss of Accommodation, Glaucoma, Cataract, Vertigo, Hearing Impairment, and Otitis
UNIT – IV
Classification of Hormones and Mechanism of Hormone Action
Structure And Functions of Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Pineal, and Thymus Glands
Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Disorders, Pituitary Disorders, and Adrenal Disorders
Anatomy And Functions of Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Sex Hormones
Physiology of Menstruation, Fertilization, Spermatogenesis, Oogenesis, Pregnancy, and Parturition
Pathophysiology of Diseases of Sex Hormones: PCOD, Menstrual Disorders, Male and Female Infertility
UNIT-V
Classification, Etiology, and Pathogenesis of Cancer
Overview of Mutagenic and Teratogenic Mechanisms
Pathophysiology of Infectious Diseases: Meningitis, Typhoid, Malaria, Leprosy, Tuberculosis, Dengue, Chikungunya, COVID-19, Amoebiasis, and Septicemia
Pathophysiology of Sexually Transmitted Diseases: AIDS, Chlamydia, Syphilis, and Gonorrhea