BEAM STEERING IN MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA BY USING PSEBG  (Paperback, Dr. PATAN SALEEM AKRAM)

Due to the usual simple, low profile installation, micro strip patch antennas are often used now a days in modern communications. However, it has unique characteristics such as surface wave excitation, stripped radiation potential, and reduced gain. Electromagnetic surface waves have been amplified in a substratum. They are usually connected along the ground plane between adjacent antennas in the array antenna, resulting in weak antenna arrays' weak features. This is a challenging issue with higher running speeds, heavy flow, and thicker materials. This coupling establishes mutual coupling and creates blind spots.