It covers all essential aspects of this important topic, including homogeneous, heterogeneous, biocatalysis and various catalytic systems, catalysis by design and activation, deactivation. The author summarizes the design, synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of these nanoporous catalysts. This book discusses diverse applications for nanocarbon materials in electrochemical sensing. It highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the different nanocarbon materials currently used for electroanalysis, covering the electrochemical sensing of small-sized molecules, such as metal ions, enzymes, and proteins. This book describes reagents for organocatalytic reactions and will be especially useful for professionals in the area of sustainable chemistry, medicinal research, as well as synthetic organic chemists working in academia and the pharmaceutical industry. This book presents the conceptual principles that underlie Lewis base catalysis and builds upon that foundation with a thorough presentation of many different reaction types.