IGNOU BHDE 144 "???????" are not available. However, I can provide a general overview and key topics that might be covered in a course on this subject:
Introduction to Chhayavad (??????? ?? ?????)
Understanding the historical and literary context of Chhayavad.
Overview of the major poets associated with the Chhayavad movement.
Characteristics of Chhayavad Poetry (??????? ????? ?? ?????????)
Analysis of the stylistic and thematic elements of Chhayavad poetry.
Exploration of the use of symbolism, imagery, and romanticism in Chhayavad poetry.
Major Poets of Chhayavad (??????? ?? ?????? ???)
Study of prominent Chhayavad poets such as Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala', Sumitranandan Pant, and Mahadevi Verma.
Analysis of their contributions to Chhayavad literature.
Themes in Chhayavad Poetry (??????? ????? ?? ????)
Exploration of recurring themes in Chhayavad poetry, such as love, nature, spirituality, and mysticism.
Analysis of how Chhayavad poets engage with these themes.
Influence of Chhayavad on Hindi Literature (??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????)
Understanding the impact of the Chhayavad movement on Hindi literature and culture.
Analysis of Chhayavad's role in shaping modern Hindi poetry.
Criticism of Chhayavad (??????? ?? ??????)
Examination of critical responses to Chhayavad literature.
Analysis of debates and controversies surrounding the Chhayavad movement.
Comparative Analysis with Other Literary Movements (???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ????????)
Comparison of Chhayavad with other literary movements such as Pragativad, Nirala Yug, and Neo-Romanticism.
Analysis of similarities and differences in their ideologies and aesthetics.
Chhayavad and Social Context (??????? ?? ??????? ????????)
Understanding the socio-political context of the Chhayavad movement.
Analysis of how Chhayavad poets responded to contemporary social issues.
Legacy of Chhayavad (??????? ?? ??????)
Exploration of Chhayavad's lasting impact on Hindi poetry and literature.
Analysis of the continued relevance of Chhayavad in contemporary Hindi literary discourse.
Study of Selected Chhayavad Poems (????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????)
Close reading and analysis of representative poems from the Chhayavad period.
Examination of poetic techniques and thematic concerns in these poems.